Hamiltonian Causal Models separate equations of motion from intervenable mechanisms and define causal effects as interventional path discrepancies, showing entropy production witnesses trajectory-level causal effects invisible to standard average treatment effects.
GANICE minimizes averaged Wasserstein risk for conditional interventional distributions using an extended distance and cellwise critic, achieving minimax optimality without density estimation.
A categorical framework defines causal abstractions as natural transformations between Markov functors, unifying prior notions, yielding graphical consistency conditions, and validating high-level do-calculus on low-level graphs with unobserved confounders.
Prediction-intervention games model leaders choosing predictors against followers intervening on covariates; stable-blanket predictors are provably optimal or near-optimal.
Low-Rank Quantile Surfaces model causal direction via monotone transformations yielding low-rank quantile surfaces, proving generic identifiability and outperforming location-scale methods on nonlinear, heteroscedastic data.
Calibrated Prediction-Powered Inference post-hoc calibrates black-box predictions on labeled data to improve semisupervised mean estimation efficiency without retraining, with isotonic calibration achieving first-order optimality.
PAIR-CI is a calibrated nonparametric conditional independence test for incomplete data that uses paired cross-validated imputation to cancel imputation error, controlling false positives near nominal levels and improving causal discovery accuracy over existing methods.
This paper compares cluster-level and variable-level missingness graphs to derive conditions for recovering joint distributions and macro causal effects from coarse missingness models.
Structural causal bottleneck models assume causal effects depend on low-dimensional cause summaries, enabling flexible dimension reduction via standard algorithms, improved low-sample transfer, and identifiable bottlenecks.