Theory of Mind and Persuasion Beyond Conversation: Assessing the Capacity of LLMs to Induce Belief States via Planning and Action

LLMs evaluated on Non-Conversational Planning ToM via object manipulation to induce belief states; GPT-5 achieved ~80% success, outperforming humans but remaining less robust, with all models better at inducing true than false beliefs.

Ben Slater, Lucy G Cheke, John Burden, Winnie Street

Sydney Poster Session 1, Tue, Dec 8, 10:00 AM–1:00 PM, Hall 1-4 · Published 2026