Intrinsic Riemannian cross-covariance defines manifold-valued covariance via parallel transport to a common tangent space, yielding coordinate-independent second-order descriptors with Euclidean-like properties and verified asymptotic behavior.
Activation patching's natural indirect effect embeds hidden interaction effects between components, which cause conditional importance to be invisible or inflated, explain faithfulness instability, scale with activation distance, and diagnose when greedy component ranking misses combinatorial mechan